Instrumentation - I
Phil Charles University of Southampton, UK

Lecture 1: HTRA: history across all wavelengths, with emphasis on space science technology

• from optical photographic to photoelectric photometry at ground-based observatories
• first discoveries in space at X-ray wavelengths, with rockets, then satellite surveys
• fast timing capabiities of Uhuru, OAO-C, SAS-3, HEAO-1 - all with proportional counters
• X-ray pulsars, bursters
• use of fast timing to provide spatial resolution
• larger collecting areas of EXOSAT, Ginga revealed QPOs, and (RXTE) MSXPs
• early detectors for HST, EUVE

Lecture 2: HTRA: Current technologies

• X-ray:
• RXTE to ASTROSAT
• Chandra, XMM
• NuSTAR
• optical/IR
• EMCCDs, APDs, MCP-based systems
• UV
• HST, Galex

Lecture 3: HTRA: Future developments/new technologies

• X-ray:
• AXTAR, LOFT
• XEUS/Athena
• Lobster concept
• optical/IR
• MKIDS, STJs
• ultra-fast detectors