Formation and Evolution of
Galaxy Clusters Across Cosmic Time

We use multi-object near-IR spectroscopy with VLT/KMOS to investigate the role of the environment in the evolution of the gas properties of galaxies in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16. Based on rest-frame optical emission lines, [NII]λ6584 and Hα, we measure star formation rates (SFR), gas-phase oxygen abundances, of 39 protocluster members as a function of local density and global environment properties. Our results show that galaxies embedded in this structure display SFRs compatible with those of the Main Sequence of galaxies, and slightly enhanced metallicity values compared to their field counterparts at similar redshift. In addition, we explore the gas fraction-gas metallicity diagram for a few galaxies with molecular gas masses measured by VLA/ATCA using CO(1-0) (Jin et al. 2021). In the context of the gas-regulator model, our objects are consistent with relatively low mass loading factors, suggesting a lower outflow activity than field samples at z=3 (Suzuki et al. 2021). We discuss the implications of these results on different scenarios of environmentally driven galaxy evolution during the early stages of massive cluster assembly.