The advances in high-precision instrumentation and dedicated space missions over the past two decades have produced a revolution in the field of exoplanet research, leading to the discovery of a wealth of earth-sized worlds, several of them within the habitable zone of their star. In the coming years, the efforts will concentrate in the characterization of these planets and their atmospheres, specially those transiting and orbiting around low mass stars. High-resolution spectroscopy of transiting, and non-transiting exoplanets, is quickly developing as a key tool to accomplish these goals. Here I will review the possibilities that the new generation of instruments will offer in the coming years, and the role SONG can play in this scenario.